Lake Water Quality and Dynamics Assessment during 1990–2020 (A Case Study: Chao Lake, China)

Settlements along the coastlines of oceans and lakes, which are among world’s most densely populated areas, in immediate danger due to stressors brought on by climate change dangers posed human activities. This study investigates water changes Chao Lake during last 30 years using Landsat 5, 7 8 time-series images indices, including Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Turbidity (NDTI), Green Vegetation (GNDVI) Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The gathered data demonstrates that each estimated indicator’s value has increased with time. Thus, over course 30-year research period, NDWI, NDTI, GNDVI SST annual average values show increases 112.10%, 242.42%, 112.82% 119.42%, respectively. NDWI index underwent these fluctuations, evidenced biggest amount (681.8%) winter lowest (28.13%) fall. NDTI (480%) least (only 50%) occurred summer fall, largest (180%) (537.86%) were observed winter; smallest (43.48%) (68.76%) outcomes also demonstrated a strong link between all four factors. In majority analyzed months, correlation 2 measures, was considerably greater near 1. findings this may be utilized managers, decision-makers local planners for purpose environmental planning reducing pollution (and other regions), as well risk hazards pollution.